Katerina plays as a midfielder for Chelsea in the English FA WSL and the Czech Republic national team. She previously played for West Ham and Slavia Prague. 

Kateřina made her debut for the Czech national team in February 2014 in a FIFA Women's World Cup qualification game against Italy. She went on to lead the team’s scoring in those qualifying rounds with 5 goals. From there, Kateřina’s career has gone from strength to strength — being named the 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2020 Czech Women’s Footballer of the Year. In the 2017-2017 and 2017-2018 season was also the top goal scorer in the Czech Women’s First League.

Svitková, alongside Kirsten van de Ven were named the top assisters of the 2015–16 UEFA Women's Champions League, where Slavia reached the quarterfinals. Svitková was named 2015, 2018, 2019 and 2020 Czech Footballer of the Year. In the 2016–17 and 2017–18 season she was the top scorer of the Czech Women's First League.