Alexia grew up as a big FC Barcelona fan and spent a year in Barcelona's youth academy before later spending four years in RCD Espanyol's youth academy. Alexia’s first national team debut was back in 2010. Alexia then signed with FC Barcelona in 2012 at just 18 years old and since then has been one of the main stars of the FC Barcelona Women’s team, having played over 300 games for the club.

On January 6th, 2021, Alexia Putellas became the first women's player and Barça Femení player to score at the Camp Nou in an official match. She scored the first goal against RCD Espanyol which culminated in a 5-0 victory. Alexia is recognised as one of the best female footballers in the world.